Flesh-footed Shearwater
Birds Active day and night

Flesh-footed Shearwater

Ardenna carneipes

A master of the open ocean, the Flesh-footed Shearwater is a long-distance traveler known for its distinct pink bill and impressive trans-equatorial migrations.

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Quick Identification

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Size

Length: 40–45 cm (16–18 in); Wingspan: 99–107 cm (39–42 in); Weight: 550–750 g (1.2–1.6 lbs)

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Colors

Uniform dark chocolate-brown to blackish-brown plumage; pale pinkish or straw-colored bill with a distinct black tip; pale pink feet and legs.

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Key Features

  • Uniform dark chocolate-brown plumage
  • Pale pinkish bill with a hooked black tip
  • Flesh-colored pink feet and legs
  • Broad wings with a heavy, steady flight pattern
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When You’ll See Them

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Activity pattern Active day and night
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Peak hours Most active at sea during the day; colony activity peaks at dusk and throughout the night.
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Season September-May (Breeding season in Southern Hemisphere)
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Diet Primarily small fish, cephalopods (squid), and crustaceans caught through surface-plunging or pursuit-diving.
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Habitat Pelagic (open ocean) and offshore islands with soft soil for nesting burrows.

public Geographic range

Where Does the Flesh-footed Shearwater Live?

This wide-ranging seabird is native to the Indo-Pacific region, with significant breeding colonies found on islands off Western Australia, New Zealand, and Lord Howe Island. During the non-breeding season, they undertake massive migrations across the equator into the North Pacific, reaching the waters off Japan, Russia, and the western coast of North America. They are truly global citizens of the ocean, moving through vast corridors of the Pacific and Indian Oceans following seasonal shifts in food availability.

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9 Countries
80M km² Range
Near Threatened Conservation
AU Australia NZ New Zealand JP Japan South Korea Russia US United States CA Canada CL Chile MX Mexico
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iNaturalist / Verified observation data
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Behavior

The Flesh-footed Shearwater is a powerful pelagic voyager, spending the majority of its life at sea. During the breeding season, these birds are highly colonial, returning to offshore islands to dig deep burrows in the soil. They are remarkably social within their colonies, often engaging in noisy caterwauling displays at night that can be quite eerie to the uninitiated.

When foraging, they are opportunistic and often follow fishing vessels to scavenge for offal, which unfortunately brings them into frequent conflict with longline fisheries. They are capable divers, using their wings to 'fly' underwater to depths of up to 30 meters to chase prey. While they are wary of humans at sea, they can become quite habituated to researchers on their breeding grounds.

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Camera Tips

Capturing the Flesh-footed Shearwater on camera is a unique challenge because they are almost exclusively pelagic. If you live on the coast or have access to offshore island properties, the best approach is to set up cameras near known nesting burrows or along 'flight paths' where they land. Position your camera low to the ground—about 12 to 18 inches—and angle it slightly upward to catch them as they waddle toward their burrow entrances or engage in social displays.

Because these birds are most active at the colony during the night, high-quality infrared (IR) or 'no-glow' flash is essential to avoid scaring them. Fast trigger speeds are a must, as their movements on land can be surprisingly quick and clumsy. Avoid using any food lures, as this can disrupt their natural foraging and potentially attract predators like rats or cats to the sensitive nesting site. Instead, focus on natural landmarks like well-worn paths through the scrub or near the base of large trees where they often land.

If you are trying to capture them from a boat or pier, use a high-speed action setting to freeze their dynamic flight. They are often attracted to the 'chum' or fish scraps from boats, so a camera mounted to a stable part of the deck facing the wake can provide stunning shots of them diving or skimming the surface. Seasonal timing is everything; ensure your cameras are active during the southern spring and summer when they return to land to breed.

Frequently Asked Questions

While they forage during the day at sea, they are most active on land during the evening and night when they return to their burrows to avoid predators.
Unless you live on a specific offshore island where they breed, you won't find them in a typical backyard. They require coastal habitats and are best observed from boats or at known nesting colonies.
Their diet consists of squid, small fish, and crustaceans caught by diving or surface-snatching. They are also known to scavenge scraps from fishing vessels.
No, they are pelagic birds and are only found on land in remote, coastal island environments during the breeding season.
Look at the bill and feet; the Flesh-footed has a pale pinkish bill with a dark tip and pink feet, while the Sooty Shearwater has an all-dark bill and dark feet.

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