Marabou Stork
Birds Active during the day

Marabou Stork

Leptoptilos crumenifer

With its massive wingspan and prehistoric profile, the Marabou Stork is one of Africa's most imposing and adaptable birds. Known as the 'Undertaker Bird' for its cloak-like wings, it is a master of the savanna and a frequent visitor to urban landscapes.

1 Sightings
1 Habitats

Quick Identification

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Size

Length: 120–150 cm (47–59 in); Wingspan: 2.2–2.9 m (7.2–9.5 ft); Weight: 4.5–9 kg (10–20 lbs)

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Colors

Slate-grey back and wings; white underparts; pinkish-red bare head and neck; horn-colored bill; white legs

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Key Features

  • Massive wedge-shaped bill
  • Bare pinkish head and neck with a pendulous throat sac
  • Slate-grey 'cloak' of wings over white underparts
  • Legs often coated in white-colored uric acid
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When You’ll See Them

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Activity pattern Active during the day
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Peak hours 9 AM - 4 PM
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Season Year-round
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Diet Primarily a scavenger eating carrion and organic waste, but also a skilled predator of fish, frogs, insects, and small mammals.
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Habitat Open savannas, grasslands, lake shores, and frequently found near human habitation and landfills.

Sightings on EverydayEarth

African Safari

Apr 1, 2026

Several hippopotamuses are resting in a murky watering hole, mostly submerged with only their heads and backs breaking the surface. A Marabou Stork stands prominently on a rock in the center of the pond, remaining relatively still, while several smaller white birds forage nearby along the rocks and muddy banks.

public Geographic range

Where Does the Marabou Stork Live?

The Marabou Stork is native to the African continent, specifically the regions south of the Sahara Desert. Its core range includes East African nations such as Kenya, Ethiopia, and Tanzania, but it is also frequently spotted across Southern Africa in countries like Botswana and South Africa. While there are no established introduced populations outside of Africa, this species has expanded its local footprint significantly by moving into suburban landscapes and landfill sites where food is abundant.

Basemap © OpenStreetMap contributors

11 Countries
18.5M km² Range
Least Concern Conservation
KE Kenya TZ Tanzania UG Uganda ET Ethiopia ZA South Africa NG Nigeria SN Senegal ZM Zambia ZW Zimbabwe BW Botswana NA Namibia
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iNaturalist / Verified observation data
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Behavior

Often referred to as the 'Undertaker Bird,' the Marabou Stork has a somber, hunched appearance that makes it instantly recognizable. They are highly social birds that often congregate in large groups, especially near food sources or nesting colonies. Unlike most storks, they fly with their necks retracted in an S-shape, a trait they share with herons, which helps them support the weight of their massive bills during flight.

These storks are remarkably patient scavengers, often spending hours standing perfectly still or soaring on warm air thermals to scout for carcasses. While they have a reputation for being quiet, they communicate through bill-clattering and various guttural croaks. They are increasingly bold around human settlements, showing a high level of intelligence and adaptability when it comes to finding easy meals in urban environments.

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Camera Tips

When setting up a camera for the Marabou Stork, height and angle are your most important considerations. Because these birds can stand up to five feet tall, you should mount your camera at least 3 to 4 feet off the ground. A low-angle shot might only capture their legs, which often appear white due to a cooling behavior called urohydrosis. Aim your camera slightly upward if the birds are expected to be close, or ensure a wide-angle lens is used to capture their massive 9-foot wingspan if they take flight or engage in wing-spreading displays.

Placement should focus on open areas with high visibility. In wilder settings, look for drying pools of water during the dry season or the outskirts of a carcass where they wait for vultures to finish. In more suburban or semi-rural African settings, placing a camera near a compost pile or a regular disposal area is highly effective. They are attracted to any source of protein, so if you are using lures, fish scraps or meat trimmings are the most effective baits. Always ensure your camera is housed in a protective, rugged case, as Marabous are curious and their heavy bills can easily damage exposed equipment.

Since Marabous are primarily active during the day, focus your settings on daylight capture. High-speed video mode is particularly rewarding with this species; it allows you to see the rhythmic inflation of their pink throat sac and the clattering of their bills during social interactions. If your camera has a time-lapse feature, use it near known roosting trees—typically tall, flat-topped acacias—to capture the morning departure and evening arrival of the colony. These birds are slow movers on the ground, so a standard trigger speed of 0.5 seconds is usually more than enough to catch them in action.

Frequently Asked Questions

Marabou Storks are strictly diurnal, meaning they are active during the day. They are most frequently seen between 9 AM and 4 PM when the sun creates the warm thermals they use to soar and scout for food.
In their native range, Marabou Storks are attracted to high-protein food sources. Leaving out fish scraps or meat waste can draw them in, but they are also attracted to large, open spaces where they feel safe from ground predators.
They are opportunistic scavengers that eat carrion, fish, and human food waste. However, they are also active hunters that will take frogs, lizards, insects, and even the chicks of other birds.
Yes, Marabou Storks have become very common in African suburban areas and cities, particularly near marketplaces and landfills where they scavenge for scraps alongside humans.
While they look similar, you can tell them apart by geography; the Marabou Stork is native to Africa, whereas the Greater Adjutant is found in Asia. The Marabou also has a more prominent ruff of white 'hair' on its neck.

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